Gel breaker refers to the product that can destroy the stability of colloids and make colloids fall off easily. The process by which the gel breaker acts on the colloid is called the destabilization of the colloidal particles. Gel breaker can be divided into four categories: oxidation gel breaker, encapsulated oxidized gel breaker, conventional enzyme gel breaker and specific enzyme gel breaker. The following is a brief introduction to the principle of their action:
1. oxidation gel breaker
The commonly used oxidation gel breaker is potassium persulphate, ammonium persulphate and so on. Since the activity of the oxidizer is related to temperature, when the local layer temperature is generally lower than 49 ° C, its reaction speed is very slow, and the activator needs to be added.
There are many defects such as: (1) React quickly with fracturing fluid at high temperature, degrade fracturing fluid in advance and lose the ability to transport proppant, and even lead to fracturing construction failure; (2) It is a non-special reactant, and can react with any reactant encountered, such as pipes, formation matrix and hydrocarbons, generating pollutants that are incompatible with the formation, causing formation damage; (3) The oxidation gel breaker is likely to be consumed before reaching the target crack, so it can not achieve the purpose of breaking the gel.
2. encapsulated oxidation gel breaker
Encapsulated gel breaker is a synthetic shell containing peroxide alone. The core material of the encapsulated oxidation gel breaker is the gel breaker, which can be dissolved into a solid strong oxidant with high activity by contacting with water. The advantage of encapsulated oxidation gel breaker is to reduce the influence of the gel breaker on the rheological properties of fracturing fluid, Increase the amount of gel breaker and improve the conductivity of supporting cracks.
3. conventional enzyme gel breaker
Enzyme is a biological protein with high catalytic ability and good activity, and its form and structure do not change during the catalytic reaction, so it can catalyze another reaction. Conventional enzyme gel breaker is a mixture of hemicellulase, cellulase, amylase and pectinase, which can not degrade specific polymers and can not achieve the ideal gel-breaking effect.
In addition, although the conventional enzyme gel breaker is a better fracturing fluid gel breaker at low temperatures, it requires a lower pH value. Generally, the activity of enzymes is maximum when pH=6, and high temperature and high pH value will cause the enzyme to lose activity.
4. specific enzyme gel breaker
In view of this, the new specific bioenzyme degelatinization system was further studied in its application temperature range and pH range, mainly screening specific hydrolases (LSE) for glycoside bonds of polysaccharide polymers. They only decompose specific glycoside bonds in the structure of polysaccharide polymers, and can degrade polymers into non-reducing monosaccharides and disaccharides. These specific gel-breaking enzymes mainly include cellulose glycoside bond specific enzyme, starch glucoside bond specific enzyme, guanidine glucoside bond specific enzyme and so on.
The encapsulated gel breakers supplied by us are newly developed products in recent years. The advanced coating technology is used to generate a protective layer on the common gel breaker, and the gel-breaking speed is controllable. It is mainly used in water-based fracturing of oil Wells, especially in the fracturing of medium and deep oil Wells. The effective components of the encapsulated gel breaker are released by the formation pressure extrusion. The advantages are: high active ingredient content, release completely, reduce the loss of active ingredients, low toxic, break gel thoroughly, easy flowback, less residue.
We Weifang Totpion Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd are the professional encapsulated gel breaker and capsulated sustained-release additives production enterprises and supplier. Please visit our website www.toptionchem.com for more information. If you have any requirement, please do not hesitate to contact us.
Post time: Aug-31-2023